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Recent studies are beginning to explore this complex interpl
2022-01-17
Recent studies are beginning to explore this complex interplay of pathways. For example, intracellular trafficking of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) based nanoparticles was studied in detail using 30 different Rab proteins as markers for intracellular transport vesicles (involved in exocytosis,
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br Material and methods br
2022-01-17
Material and methods Results Discussion It is challenging to discriminate between HIV monoinfection and HIV-1/2 dual infection in settings where both viruses co-exist, due to cross-reactivity in serological tests. Thus, the gold standard for detection of HIV-1/2 dual infection is through NA
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Intracellular signaling pathways leading to
2022-01-17
Intracellular signaling pathways leading to IR injury are initiated by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). This occurs principally at the time of initiation of reperfusion, which is accompanied by the re-admission of oxygen to the ischemic tissue. The resulting cascade of downstream events
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br Conclusions and future perspectives br Declarations of in
2022-01-17
Conclusions and future perspectives Declarations of interest Acknowledgements The authors thank Mrs. Kamala Pandey for the help in the preparation of this manuscript. This work was supported by NIH grants R01HL057531 and R01HL062147. Introduction Separation of short exons by long non-co
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Reduced
2022-01-17
Materials and methods Results Discussion Reduced glutathione is considered to be one of the important regulators of REDOX balance in the biological system. The cellular concentration of 4-HNE under physiological conditions ranges from 0.1 to 3μM and has no detrimental effect in the biologic
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In Locusta migratoria a worldwide
2022-01-17
In Locusta migratoria, a worldwide agricultural pest, we previously identified 51 CPRs containing eight endocuticle structural glycoproteins, which are homologs of SgAbd-1, SgAbd-2, SgAbd-3, SgAbd-4, SgAbd-5, SgAbd-6, SgAbd-8, and SgAbd-9 in the adult desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria [17,26]. Al
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br Results and discussion br Conclusions TZDs represent a
2022-01-17
Results and discussion Conclusions TZDs represent a well-studied group of antidiabetic agents. Based on previous observations of the ability of some TZDs to activate FFAR1, we designed five scaffolds consisting of the TZD head, a linker, and a carefully selected privileged structure. For the p
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To further implicate the role of EAAT in morphine
2022-01-17
To further implicate the role of EAAT3 in morphine-induced place preference, the effects of morphine on EAAT3 Paxilline was determined. Interestingly, morphine increased EAAT3 protein expression in the plasma membrane of mPFC, nucleus accumbens and VTA but not in the hippocampus of wild-type mice a
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L Family Leguminosae widely distributed in
2022-01-17
L. (Family Leguminosae) widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. As a medicinal and edible plant, it is widely used in Asia, especially in China, Korea, Japan and India. It was first recorded in Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (神农本草经), and was described having the effect of cleari
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br In vivo actions of GLP GLP R agonists
2022-01-17
In vivo actions of GLP-1/GLP-1R agonists on the vascular endothelium Using contrast-enhanced ultrasound, male Sprague Dawley rats receiving an intravenous infusion of native GLP-1 (30 pmol/kg/min) for 2 h demonstrated significant improvements in both microvascular blood volume and microvascular b
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br Conclusion In summary a series of
2022-01-17
Conclusion In summary, a series of novel GPR40 agonists bearing phenylpropiolic AVE 0991 motif with favorable metabolic stability were prepared and evaluated for their activities as GPR40 agonists. Among them, compound 9 was identified as a structurally distinct GPR40 agonist possessing potent ac
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If the manager channel dominates we
2022-01-17
If the manager channel dominates, we expect the increase in debt maturity of treated firms relative to control firms to be more evident in firms with weaker corporate governance where managers are less monitored and have more discretion in changing firm risks. We use the governance index (GINDEX) co
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br Although earlier studies had reported conflicting
2022-01-15
Although earlier studies had reported conflicting results regarding the role of Ca2+ in regulating SV endocytosis, more recent data suggest that Ca2+ influx facilitates SV endocytosis in hippocampal neurons, the calyx of Held, and in inner hair sevelamer hcl (Dittman and Ryan, 2009, Hosoi et al.,
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Overall while cART has significantly prolonged life and amel
2022-01-15
Overall, while cART has significantly prolonged life and ameliorated HIV-associated disease, HIV infection of the CNS still induces a number of cognitive, behavioral and motor symptoms, along with substantial neuropathology. Data show that the inflammatory processes driving neurological disease pers
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Artemisinine br Experimental procedures br Results Hdc KO mi
2022-01-15
Experimental procedures Results Hdc-KO mice show basal activation of the MAPK and AKT/GSK3β pathways in the dorsal striatum (Rapanelli et al., 2014). These signaling pathways are differentially regulated by the H3 receptor in dMSNs and iMSNs in wild-type mice (Rapanelli et al., 2016). To bette