• Tumor suppressor ARF regulates the activity of p by inhibiti

  2023-02-13

  

  Tumor suppressor ARF regulates the activity of p53 by inhibiting the functions of Mdm2. ARF is induced by hyperproliferative signals emanating from oncogenic Ras, overexpressed c-myc, and from deregulated E2F . ARF prevents p53 degradation and leads to increased p53 function by sequestering Mdm2 to

• MSG model is well characterized and widely

  2023-02-13

  

  MSG model is well characterized and widely used because it is not influenced by dietary components and because it mimics a lesion in the arcuate nucleus and lateral hypothalamus that can occur in chronic obese patients (Moraes et al., 2009, Purkayasta and Cai, 2013). High fat fed diet is amongst the

• AhR was proven to participate in carcinogenesis Its high

  2023-02-13

  

  AhR was proven to participate in carcinogenesis. Its high expression was demonstrated in a variety of tumors, i.e. pancreatic, prostate, urinary tract, lung and papillary thyroid carcinoma (Safe et al., 2013, Mian et al., 2014). However, cell line studies showed variable AhR levels/responses. AhR kn

• AdipoRon acts on the anti diabetic effects of adiponectin

  2023-02-13

  

  AdipoRon acts on the anti-diabetic effects of adiponectin, exhibiting its effect through the activation of AMPK and PPARα pathways via AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, respectively [23]. AdipoR activation is a promising treatment for diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease, demons

• Control of retinal vascularization during development and OI

  2023-02-13

  

  Control of retinal vascularization during development and OIR likely involves close interactions among endothelial cells, neurons and glial 3CAI (microglial and astrocytes) (see Fig. 2). In particular, the interaction between endothelial tip cells and astrocytes plays a critical role in developmenta

• Introduction Microdialysis is an in vivo technique which all

  2023-02-13

  

  Introduction Microdialysis is an in vivo-technique which allows continuous sampling of small molecular weight substances (such as neurotransmitters, metabolites and neuropeptides) from the extracellular space of different tissues or organs, e.g. brain, muscle or skin. While the implantation of the

• Finally we show that the optimal corporate tax rate is

  2023-02-13

  

  Finally, we show that the optimal corporate tax rate is strictly positive, balancing the increase in tax revenues against the loss in consumer surplus due to higher prices and fewer firms (products). This result is related to the well-known “excessive entry theorem” that shows, for a large class of

• The earliest appearance of tumors

  2023-02-10

  

  The earliest appearance of tumors occurred at 12 months and the latest at 24 months, with an average onset at 18 months (Fig. 1B). This would be roughly equivalent to cancer presenting in a patient between 60 and 70 years of age. In transgenic animals, autotaxin arginase inhibitor was relatively in

• Since innate immune responses represent the first defense

  2023-02-10

  

  Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin

• The LOX hydroxide metabolites are converted to secondary lip

  2023-02-10

  

  The 15-LOX hydroxide metabolites are converted to secondary lipid mediators such as lipoxin A4 from 15-HETE and protectin D1/resolvin D1 from 17-HDoHE [45] (Fig. S3). Importantly, all of these secondary lipid mediators have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties [46], [47], [48]. Lipoxin A4

• Introduction the DNA damage response

  2023-02-10

  

  Introduction: the DNA damage response — important implications for tumour development and treatment Cells are invariably challenged by tens of thousands of lesions inflicted on their DNA everyday (Lindhal, 1993). This DNA damage can be caused exogenously by exposure to different types of radiation

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2023-02-10

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgements Introduction DJ-1 is a highly conserved, homodimeric protein that was originally cloned as an oncogene capable of transforming TCS 2510 in cooperation with activated ras[1]. DJ-1 is over-expressed in multiple tumor types and is positively correlated wi

• br Materials and methods br Acknowledgement

  2023-02-10

  

  Materials and methods Acknowledgement This work was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant no. 6151001), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31572516). Introduction Staphylococcus aureus is an important microorganism responsible for both clin

• According to the present observations

  2023-02-10

  

  According to the present observations, the Ampkα1 isoform promotes AP-1 transcriptional activity and thereby fosters a66 of AP-1 target genes in cardiomyocytes via activation of Pkcζ. The transcription factor AP-1 plays a decisive role during cardiac remodeling [24], [25], [26], [37]. AP-1 modulate

• MADS box proteins are combinatorial transcription factors in

  2023-02-10

  

  MADS box proteins are combinatorial transcription factors in that they often derive their regulatory specificity from other DNA binding or accessory factors. In many cases, the cofactor with which MADS box proteins interact specifies which genes are regulated, when they are regulated and if these ge

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