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In conclusion we demonstrated that in the skeletal
2024-01-17
In conclusion, we demonstrated that, in the skeletal muscle of rats with T1DM, CRBN levels increased and AMPK, Akt, GLUT4, PGC-1α, and FNDC5 levels decreased, resulting in increased fasting glucose levels. Aerobic exercise training decreased levels of CRBN, which was possibly mediated by AMPK, Akt,
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br STAR Methods br Author
2024-01-17
STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments This study is funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants NS028901 and DC004450 (to L.O.T.); N.L. Tartar Trust Fellowship (to H.-W.L.); DC014878 to T.S.B. We thank members of the Trussell lab for helpful discussions, Dr. Stephen Dav
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The cavity volume of the binding
2024-01-17
The cavity volume of the binding pocket may differ not only between species but also among various AhR/ARNT isoforms within a single species. It is noteworthy that even a single amino GDC-0152 substitution within a binding pocket may result in a change in the cavity volume. This, in turn, may affec
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Lipotoxicity is the accumulation of excess lipids
2024-01-17
Lipotoxicity is the accumulation of excess lipids in non-adipose tissues that leads to cell dysfunction or cell death. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and contributes to the rate of progression of CKD [7,8]. Emerging evidence indicates that renal lipid dysregulation is
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Firefly Luciferase br Materials and methods br Results br Di
2024-01-16
Materials and methods Results Discussions Diabetes is mainly divided into Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes [16]. Type 2 diabetes, featured by insulin resistance, results from environmental factors and poor eating habits [2]. Type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 95% of the diabetic pati
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Streptomycetes are a group of filamentous Gram
2024-01-16
Streptomycetes are a group of filamentous Gram-positive, soil-inhabiting bacteria which have captured enormous screening interest because of their ability to produce and secrete a variety of sglt inhibitors and extracellular proteins [7]. Among the diverse antibiotics produced by Streptomycetes are
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br ACK inhibitors Since ACK activation is
2024-01-16
ACK1 inhibitors Since ACK1 activation is correlated with poor prognosis in various cancers, strong efforts are being directed by multiple groups towards developing highly potent and specific small molecule inhibitors targeting the ACK1 kinase. At least eight small molecule kinase inhibitors have
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Toxicity is the main reason for the failure at
2024-01-16
Toxicity is the main reason for the failure at all stages of the new drug development process. The major part of safety-related attrition occurs at preclinical phases while predicting preclinical safety liabilities earlier in the drug development process. This strategy enables the design and/or sele
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REM sleep is proposed to create an environment
2024-01-16
REM sleep is proposed to create an environment to facilitate plasticity processes that create a generalized downregulation of synaptic strength (Grosmark et al., 2012; Tononi and Cirelli, 2014), while synapses are upregulated specifically by the reactivation of neuronal firing sequences experienced
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br ARIs in the prevention of prostate cancer Prostate cancer
2024-01-16
5ARIs in the prevention of prostate cancer Prostate cancer continues to be a leading cause of male deaths worldwide. In 2009, it was estimated there would be 192,280 new cases of prostate cancer with a predicted 27,360 deaths [25]. Because androgens, and specifically DHT, play a large role in bot
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Anti LT therapy by LO inhibition has been hampered
2024-01-16
Anti-LT therapy by 5-LO inhibition has been hampered by occurring liver toxicities by Zileuton or the clinical phase II compound Atreleuton [36], [37] However both compounds possess a thiophene as well as an N-hydroxyurea moiety. These features could be linked with reactive thiophene intermediates [
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The central problem in amnesia developing
2024-01-16
The central problem in amnesia developing following impairment of long-term memory consolidation or reconsolidation is a question of the underlying mechanisms, whether it is caused by impairment of retrieval or memory storage mechanisms [3,8,9,[15], [16], [17], [18]]. To answer this question, severa
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Since innate immune responses represent the first defense ag
2024-01-16
Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin
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br Results br Discussion br Conclusion The flux of
2024-01-16
Results Discussion Conclusion The flux of glucose into cytosolic short chain acyl-CoAs was maintained in pure beta histamine receptors in the presence of inhibition of ATP citrate lyase with hydroxycitrate and also in a cell line with >90% ATP citrate lyase knockdown suggesting that a path
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br Introduction Throughout early prophase I meiotic cells
2024-01-16
Introduction Throughout early prophase I, meiotic cells intentionally generate DSBs as part of a stringently controlled process to initiate homologous recombination (HR). HR is a critical DSB repair pathway that ultimately permits the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes
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