• The most important cytotoxic lesion

  2020-06-01

  

  The most important cytotoxic lesion formed by the nitrogen mustards is generally considered to be the DNA–DNA interstrand cross-link 12, 13. DNA–DNA interstrand cross-links are thought to exert their cytotoxic effects by inhibiting DNA duplex strand separation, progression of the 6258 receptor fork

• Dopamine activity in the PFC and striatum may be

  2020-06-01

  

  Dopamine activity in the PFC and striatum may be antagonistic, meaning that lower levels of dopamine in the striatum tend to correspond to higher levels of dopamine in the PFC and vice versa (Cools and D\'Esposito, 2011; Tunbridge et al., 2006). Human PET studies have reported that dopaminergic PFC

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements This

  2020-06-01

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31571839), the Chinese Ministry Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0865), and Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (N

• br Dienogest DNG Dienogest is a nortestosterone

  2020-06-01

  

  Dienogest (DNG) Dienogest is a 19-nortestosterone derivative with two special structural changes [Fig. 1a]: [a] At the cabon-17 position there is a cyanomethyl group instead of an ethinyl group; [b] A double bond is present between carbons 9 and 10. DNG is the only progestogen that combines prope

• A variety of epidemiological and clinical studies suggest th

  2020-06-01

  

  A variety of epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that light alcohol consumption may exert a favorable effects on BP levels but chronic heavy alcohol consumtion causes sustained BP elevation [16], [17]. The hypertensive effect of heavy drinking occurs with all forms of alcohol (i.e. beer win

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction L Rhamnosidases EC are g

  2020-06-01

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction α-L-Rhamnosidases (EC 3.2.1.40) are glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) that cleave terminal α-l-rhamnose from a large number of natural products [1]. The action of α-L-rhamnosidases (α-RHAs) has been reported, among others, on different complex substrates such as heteropol

• MAPKs are a family of

  2020-05-29

  

  MAPKs are a family of phosphorylating enzymes that orchestrate various cellular response in proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, stress response, and energy metabolism [11]. There are at least four major members including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), p38 mitogen-activat

• Direct coupling between DNA methyltransferase

  2020-05-29

  

  Direct coupling between DNA methyltransferase enzymes and posttranslational modifications on histone proteins has been observed in mammals. For example, DNMT3A recognizes unmodified H3 through an ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L (ADD) domain, and its activity is inhibited by methylation of H3 at K4 (Li et al., 201

• br DAG kinase activity is

  2020-05-29

  

  DAG kinase activity is confined to specific cell compartments A number of reports demonstrating agonist-dependent translocation of DGKs to distinct membrane compartments suggest that DGK activity is restricted to localized DAG pools generated after activation of receptors. Perhaps the best eviden

• The focus of this review is on the diacylglycerol

  2020-05-29

  

  The focus of this review is on the diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.1.20) enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2, that catalyze the esterification of a fatty acyl moiety to a DAG molecule to produce TAG. These enzymes commit DAG to being stored as TAG rather than being diverted for the synthesis of ph

• DAPK is involved in the p dependent apoptotic pathway

  2020-05-29

  

  DAPK-1 is involved in the p53 dependent apoptotic pathway and it is a mediator of γ-interferon induced apoptosis. DAPK-1 is also involved in other death signaling pathways (tumor necrosis factor-α, CD95 and transforming growth factor-β) and it blocks tumor metastasis in vivo. The loss of DAPK mRNA h

• p is a tumor suppressor

  2020-05-29

  

  p16 is a tumor-suppressor gene that inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 activities and arrests the TCS PIM-1 1 mg in the G1 phase. Aberrant methylation and mutation of p16/MTS1 in OSCC of patients was found in our previous study. Moreover, the frequency of hypermethylation of p16 from the prese

• Moreover the imbalance between pro and anti inflammatory cyt

  2020-05-29

  

  Moreover, the imbalance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine production is present in various types of diseases. The use of substances able to induce anti-inflammatory cytokines could represent an important advance in the therapeutic treatment of a range of diseases. In this context, medicinal

• adrenergic receptors br Materials and methods br Results

  2020-05-29

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion TP has aroused extensive explorations because of its potent anti-inflammatory, immune-suppressive and antitumor activities. Notwithstanding these, TP has yet to enter Phase II clinical trials owing to its severe toxicity (Zhou et al., 2012). TP coul

• Transduction of cellular signals by G protein coupled recept

  2020-05-29

  

  Transduction of cellular signals by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is stringently regulated to prevent the deleterious effects of unrestrained GPCR signaling. The rapid termination of signaling mediated by agonist-occupied GPCRs is referred to as homologous desensitization and involves the foll

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