Archives
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Defining the cooperation between molecular pathways within h
2021-10-15
Defining the cooperation between molecular pathways within highly complex biological systems, such as those between immune cell networks and target tissues is certainly a hard task. Recently, there are many investigations in the pathogenesis of renal graft rejection, one of the most evident investig
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If the manager channel dominates we expect the
2021-10-15
If the manager channel dominates, we expect the increase in debt maturity of treated firms relative to control firms to be more evident in firms with weaker corporate governance where managers are less monitored and have more discretion in changing firm risks. We use the governance index (GINDEX) co
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br Introduction Hexokinase HK is
2021-10-15
Introduction Hexokinase (HK) is an enzyme that catalyses the transfer of phosphate from ATP to glucose in the first step of glucose metabolism (Wilson, 1995, Wilson, 2003). In mammalian, HK has four important isozymes which are designated as HK1, HK2, HK3 and HK4 (Wilson, 1995, Wilson, 2003). HK1
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Some data also suggested that CCR could
2021-10-15
Some data also suggested that CCR5Δ32 could influence the progression of HCV-related liver diseases (Goulding et al., 2005; Hellier et al., 2003; Wald et al., 2004). However, after stratifying HCV+ individuals according to clinical/histological criteria, no association of CCR5Δ32 with these HCV-rela
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It is difficult however to assure that observed alterations
2021-10-15
It is difficult, however, to assure that observed alterations of pro-oxidant/antioxidant levels within the studied organisms are related directly to heavy metal pollution, rather than to other accompanying environmental stressors. Environmental factors like oxygen partial pressure, temperature, sali
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br Conclusions br Introduction Astrocytes contribute to
2021-10-15
Conclusions Introduction Astrocytes contribute to physiological dgat inhibitor function on many levels. They help maintain the physiological composition of the extracellular medium by, for instance, buffering potassium and uptake of neurotransmitters. They can also provide neurons with energy
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Studies of human and mouse GPR as ascertained
2021-10-15
Studies of human and mouse GPR84, as ascertained by mRNA levels in various tissues, have determined that GPR84 is highly expressed on bone marrow cells, splenic T and B cells, and circulating granulocytes/monocytes/macrophages. In the latter cells, mRNA expression of is up-regulated only under infl
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The first described synthetic FFA active agonist GW phenoxyp
2021-10-15
The first described synthetic FFA1 active agonist, GW9508 (4- [(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl]amino benzenepropanoic acid), was immediately shown to also activate FFA4, although with some 100-fold lower potency [38]. Therefore, in the initial absence of FFA4-selective synthetic agonist ligands, GW9508 was
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Like other RNA viruses HCV also exhibits
2021-10-15
Like other RNA viruses HCV also exhibits a high degree of genetic diversity, creating a major challenge for the development of both HCV vaccines and pan-genotypic therapeutics (Timm and Roggendorf, 2007). The virus has a total of seven genotypes, with >50 subtypes and millions of quasispecies (Cuype
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Long non coding RNAs lncRNAs are mRNA
2021-10-15
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are mRNA-like transcripts of greater than 200 nucleotides (nt), with little or no protein-coding potential [13,14]. LncRNAs have been suggested to participate in transcription and post-transcription regulation as scaffolds, guides, decoys or repressors, activators, and
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Ghrelin
2021-10-15
Materials and methods Results Discussion Ghrelin is required for maintenance of glucose homeostasis under fasting conditions, and GHSR-null mice have low fasting blood glucose levels [5], [9]. In this study, we found that restoration of GHSR in nodose ganglion neurons rescued low fasting bl
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PP 2 In the liver ghrelin has opposite effects
2021-10-15
In the liver, ghrelin has opposite effects to insulin on the expression of the enzyme PEPCK, thereby promoting gluconeogenesis and also causing a decrease in glucose uptake and fatty PP 2 oxidation (Rigault et al., 2007). Ghrelin also stimulates hepatic lipogenesis de novo in a GH-independent fashio
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There is increasing evidence that Cxs in astrocytes
2021-10-15
There is increasing evidence that Cxs in astrocytes may play a role in several models of brain pathologies. Interestingly their roles are at the moment more considered through their hemichannel function (Bennett et al., 2012; Bosch and Kielian, 2014; Davidson et al., 2013; Orellana et al., 2016; Kim
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Several transgenic and knockout congenic
2021-10-14
Several transgenic and knockout/congenic mouse models have been generated in order to assess the role of FFAR1 for proper insulin secretion and maintenance of glucose homeostasis. The results obtained with three different receptor knockout mouse models were not consistent. The protection against hig
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To explain the corporate debt maturity following Brockman et
2021-10-14
To explain the corporate debt maturity, following Brockman et al. (2010), the time-varying control variables we include are: firm size (LSIZE), the square of firm size (LSIZE2), leverage (LEVERAGE), asset maturity (ASSET_MAT), managerial ownership (OWN), market-to-book ratio (MB), term structure of